本字幕由TME AI技术生成
hey
everyone
andwelcomebackforanotherdeepdive
werecrackingopenachinesepsychologytextbook
todayitsgoingtobeawildridethroughmemoryperceptionlearningandevenapeekintointelligence
butdontworrywerekeepingitfunandrelatiable
youknowwealwaystrytogiveyouthosejuicyinsidesyoucanactuallyuse
youknowthistextbookisallaboutapplyingtheconcept
itsnotjustabouttheory
itsaboutusingpsychologytonavigateyourworld
exactlylikewriteoftheabouttheyhityouwiththesupersimplememoryformula
theyusethislettersequentIIBMUFFFBILOL
didyoutryrememberasit
howthatgoforforitknowthosepeople
youknowdontonlyrememberfew
butthissequenceitscleveruseschunkingbasicallywegroupinformationintofamiliarunitssoinsetoftwelverandomletters
yourbrainslikeholdup
ionlygoingrerememberfourthings
IBMUFOFBILOL
ohthatssotrue
itslikephonenumbersrightiteasytorememberfive
fiveonetotwo
threefour
andjustastringingdigits
alreadyseeinghowthisisuseful
totallyyoucanevenuseitfornamessayyoujustjohnsmiththatapart
dontjusttrytocrimethewholename
andmaybehetoldyouabouthisfamilyreunion
sothinkjohnsmithfamilyreunionstoreboomconnecttheendintoadetail
youguideyourselfamemorablechunkbrilliant
definitelytryingthatatthenextnetworkingthing
theymazinghowtheselittletechniquesmakessuchadifference
thatthetextbookalsotalksaboutnemonicsthosememorytrcksks
yeah
nemonicsaresuperhelpful
theyplayintohowourbrainsnaturallylookforapatternsandmeaninglikerememberpleaseexcusemydianssalipempdosfortheorderofoperationsinmath
istillusethatoneokay
soweveseenhowtoboostourmemory
nowletsdiveintoperception
howitshapestheinfoweremember
wethinkofitasjustseeingorhearing
butthistextbooksaysitswaymoredynamic
forsureperceptionisnotpassiveyourbrainsactivelyconstruction
yourexperienceoftheworld
usingeverything
yoursenses
yourknowledge
evenwhatteteexpecttoseetheyusethiscasestudyofaguinmejhonathaneye
evenwhathiscolorvisionafteranaccident
itreallyshowshowourbrainsinterpretsensorydatatocreateourownperceptionofreality
yeah
jonathancaseshows
howmuchourbrainfillsintheblanks
usingpastexperiencesandexpectations
thetextbookcallsthisperceptualsetanditscrazypowerful
soourbrainsarelikealwayspredictingwhatsgoingtohappenthatmesseswithhowweseethingsgotanexampleofthatperceptualsetinaction
okay
imagine
youseeasignthatsaysDCK
nowifyouarejustreadinganimalnameslikeffoxILLsnake
youprobablyreaditasdsk
well
butifamationwasallnraghtddinooay
yourbrainsgoinggostraraightddicoow
thatsgoingfreaky
sobasically
ourbrainsareonautopilotmakingassumptionsbasedonthesituation
yep
andthatcanhavethatwellinterestingeffectslikeourperceptualsetcanbeinfluencedbystereotypes
youknowyouhaveanegativestereotypesbyacertaingroup
youmightseetheiractions
morenegatively
eveniftheyreactuallyneutralthatssuperimportantmakesyourealize
howmuchourperceptioncanbeskewedbyunconsciousbiases
thisremindsmeofsomethingelse
thetextbooktackles
themythoflearningstyles
ialwaysthought
iwasavisuallearner
yeahtheidea
thatsomepeoplearevisuallearners
auditorians
soonitspopular
butresearchnotsomuch
yousothosequizesthattellyouyourelearningstylearebasicallybunk
welltheycanbefun
buttheydonttellus
howweactuallylearnbestthecoolthingisourbrainsaresuperadaptable
wecanlearn
tolearnindifferentways
dependingonthesuffertryingtolearninthesituationsoinsteadofstickingtoonespole
weshouldbetrying
differentapproaches
seeingwhatworksbestindifferentspots
exactlybeflexibleadaptablenotboxedin
嗯
thetextbookactuallystressesunderstandingandapplyingknowledge
notjustmemorizingfacts
thisbringstomindthosefascinatingcasesofpeoplewithsavanonsyndrome
ahahsasavonsyndrome
itsincredible
howsomefolkswithdevelopmentalchallenges
itreallycrazy
specificbildabtiesinraininmandoesinhoffmans
charactershavetheseinsanememorysavansyndrome
itchallengesareunsusualviewofintelgenceenceshowswshumanmindcandoinclligenceevenwithchallengeschotherareas
itreallymakesyouthinkaboutwhatintelligencereallyis
andhowwemeasureitimguessingthistiesintothetextbooks
discussionofeyewitness
testimony
andhowmemorycanbedistorteditrightspotonifsomeonewouldhaveonsyndromehasthosememorypowersmakesyouwonder
ifnormalmemoriescanbemessedup
thetextbooktalksaboutthiswomannaamdonnaherrecoveredmemoriesandawholelegalcaseagainstherfather
itraisesbigquestionsaboutmemoryisespeciallywhenthestakesarehighdonnscase
itsreallysomethingtothinkabout
itshowshowourmemoriestheirpowerful
butalsokindoffragile
theycanbeinfluenced
youknowthetextbooktalksaboutthismisinformationeffect
basicallyhearingmisleadinginfoafteraneventcanlikeactuallychangeyourmemoryofitway
soevenaleadingquestioncanchangehowiremembersomethingthatskindofscary
yeah
itshowshowimportantcarefulquestioningisespeciallyinlegalstuff
嗯
thewordingcanaffecthowawitnessremembersimagineacaraccident
anofficeraskhowfastwherewheretheygoin
whentheysmashed
youmightguessahigherspeed
andiftheydidmakecontactright
wow
thatsahugedifferencemakesyourealizehoweasilyourmemoriescanbemessedwith
withoutusevenknowingthiswholememoryandperceptionthing
itsmakingmethinkbiggerpicture
是的是的
howdoesthisoffitintointelligence
youknowthatsagreatpoint
thistextbook
itkindofchallengesthatallideideofintelligence
beingjustonethingyouknow
measuablyitsaysintelligencecesmoremoremullfacfacitsosobunchofabilitiesandtalentslikewithsavansyndromrightthosefolksshowthatintelligencecanbeallsorts
thingsunexpectedevenexactly
andthisbringsustothosealternativetheiesiesintellgencesogardenermumultiinteintelgencecesitgoesbeyondjustIQ
youknowthingslikelinguisticmuicalicalspecialintelligence
eveninterpersonalstuff
soitsnotjustmahandlogigicrerecognizingallthedifferentpeopleshshineareamazingwithwordsandwithmusicsummitconnectingwithothers
yeah
itsaboutappreciatingthewholespectrumofhumanpotential
whichleadsisperfectlytothenextchapterpersonality
iwaswonderingwhenwedgettothatpersonality
itssofascinatingwhatmakesus
whowearegenesexperiences
culture
thistextbookseemstocoveritallitstartswithlikethebiologicalroutstemperpermment
youknowthosebasicemotionalpatternswerebornwiththatseemstohaveastronggeneticlink
sosomeofourpersonaliisbasicallyhardwifromfromdayonetheresabunchofresearchontwins
especiallythoseseparatedatbirthtokindofbackbackthatupraisetotallydifferentlyidenticaltwinsoftenhavecrazysimilarpersonalities
thenreadreadingtwtwseseparatedbabiesreunitedyearslatertheydravethecararatsameatbirth
dogbreed
evenvacationinthesametinytown
everyyeargeneticsarewild
itreallychallengesthatblankslateidearightgenesoftheblueprint
butexperienceofcourseplaysahugepartumthetextbooktalksabouttradetheoriestryingtopinpointthosecorebuildingblocksofpersonalityislikeintrovertedextroveriedorganizedspontananeechilloruhhighstrongexactlyoneofthebigonesofthefirefactmodellbigofivedimensions
ecapcapformostofthevariationandpersonalityopenistoexperience
conscieneouousness
extaneousagreeenessandneuoticism
okaybreakthosedownforimcurious
whereilandonthisbigfive
rightrightsoopennesstoexperience
howcuriousimaginativeopentonewideasareyouhighscoresonopennesstheyreoftenintoart
differentcultures
unusualexperiences
whyidolovetryingnewthings
exploringdifferentviewpoints
whataboutconsciencioussnessaboutsanciousnessisallaboutorganization
responsibility
disciplines
yeah
highscoresaredependhardhardwordetadetaoriorienummaybenotsohigh
thereimmoreofaspontaneoustype
whatsnextextraversion
howoutgoingareyou
howmuchdoyougetenergyfromsocialinteraction
highscoresofalifeofthepartylove
beingaroundpeoplethriveinthosebuzzingenvironment
thatsoundslikeme
idefinitelygetenergizebybeingaroundothersokay
whatabouttheothertwoagreeablness
thatshowcoopertivecompassionatetrustingyouarehighscoresvalueharmonygettingalongwithothers
yeah
ithinkimprettyhighonagreelness
kindnessandunderstandingthatsimportant
yeah
stlywevegotneuroticism
嗯
thisisabouthowmuchyouexperiencecesnegativeemotions
anxiety
worrysadness
highscorestendtobemoresensitive
havemoreemotional
upsanddownsinteresting
sothesefivetraits
eachonaspectrum
theycreatethiswholetappostryofhumanpersonality
yitscoolframework
butthetextbookalsomentionedthoseclassicpsychodyniccorieslikefrauds
ideasabouttheidegosuperego
oh fraud
those
thoseabitmorecompleplex
iknowknowbasics
itsaboutourpersonality
beingshapedbyunconscious
drivesconflictrightforthefordtheorieshavebeeninfluluential
theyrenotconsideredasscientificallysolidasatradetheiesstilltheyreinterestingtothinkabouthesaidourearlychilhoodexperiencesaresuperimportantforthoseunconsciousdynamicsmakesense
earlyexperiencescandefinitelystickwithyou
butarewereallyjustpuppetsofourunconscious
thetextbookalsomentionedhumanistictheories
wouldseemorepositiveempoweringdefinitelyconsistictheories
focusongrowthselfactualization
allthatconsciousexperienceandpersonalvalustustuff
theysaywesloveacceptance
belongingitsfundamental
soinsteadofhittingconflictsweredrivenbywantingtolearngrowbeerbestselves
ilikethatperspective
butitcantbejustaboutusasindividuals
rightthetextbooktalksaboutcultureshavingpersonality
tooyougotitculture
ithasahugeimpactonhowourpersonalitydevelopandshowthemselves
differentcultureshavedifferentvalues
norms
expectations
itallshapesareoursenseofself
ourrelationships
evenwhatwethinkofasagoodperson
sosomeoneraisedinacollectivistculture
theymightprioritizeharmonygroupwhilebeingoverindividualachievement
andsomeonefromanindividualisticculturemightbemoreaboutindependenceselfalliance
exactlyitsthisinterplayofourindividualtendenciesandtheculturalcontextwereinunderstandingthatiskeytoappreciatinghowdiversepersonalityisacrosscultures
thatmakessomuchsense
itsnotjustaboutwhoweare
butthebigwefitinbiggergerpicture
thisredsmeofthosecrossculturalstudiesthatcomparepersonalitytradesacrossdifferentcountries
oh
tellmeaboutthoseimalwayswefous
howpersonalitylooksdifferent
different
different
differentcultures
whattheytheythey
theyununiveralalpatterns
butalsoculturallyspecificstuff
likethebigfivetradesseemprettyinsistentacrosscultures
buthowtheyreexpressedhowmuchtheirvaluethatcanveryalot
soevenifpeoplesharesimilartraits
theymightshowthemintotallydifferentways
gotanexamplethinkaboutextroversion
inasuperoutgoingculturehighextrroversion
mightbelikeloudlaughteranimatedtalking
butinamorereservedcultureture
couldbeawarmsmilegengenuineinterest
butinamorerewarardenergy
greatexampleshowspersonalityisntjustaboutthetraitsinsideits
howweinteractwiththeworldaroundus
andthatleadsustoassessment
howdoweactuallymeasurethesepatternsofthinking
feeling
behavingthatmakeupourpersonalityokay
personalityassessmentthatsatrickyone
somanydifferentapproaches
whatsthetextbookstakeittassedoutafewmethodseatwithposingcoinssreportortinventoriesarecommon
youknowthosequestionnairs
whereyouansweraboutyourself
butarethosebiasedpeoplemighttrytomakethemselveslookgoodright
yeahsocialdesirabilitybiasisathing
somequestionnairstrytocatchthatwithvalidityscales
buttheirothermethodstoolikethoseinblodtests
ivealwaysbeenfascinatedbythose
butiheartheyrenotalwaysreliablethoseareprojectivetests
yougettheseambiuousimages
yousaywhatyouseetheideas
yourturpretationshowsyouruncasciousstuff
butyeahtheyvebeencriticiedforbeingsubjective
notveryconsistent
soifthosehaveissues
arethereanymorelikeobjectivewaystoassessssperononbut对对对对对
someresearcherspreferbehaviorobobservation
youdirectlywatchhowsomeoneactsinreallifeorcontrolledsettingsaboutwhatpeopledonotjustwhattheysayaboutthemselves
thatseemsreallyinsighttful
butiimagineitshardtodoinayouknowsystematicwayithasitschallengesforsuretakesalotoftimecarefulobservationandcodingofbehaviorthiswholepersonalityconversation
itmakesmethinkabouthowwedealwithlifes
curveballs
butknowtetextbooktalksaboutstressandcopingandcuriouswhatitsaysaboutthatstressandcopingrightitslikeessentialstuffunderstandandtextbooksaysstressisthiscomplexresponse
likewhenyoufeelthreatenedertheirtoomanydemand
yourbodygoesthroughallthesechanges
hormones
nervesofthewholenineyard
itsthatfighterflightresponse
wehearaboutyeahitsourbodydealswithdangerright
butifeellikethesedays
mostofourstressisntfromlikeactualphysicalthreats
totallyalotofitischronicpsychologicalstuff
work
deadlines
relationship
drama
moneyworriesandthatfighterflightthingitshelpfulforlikeimmediatedanger
butwhenthestressisalwaystherenotsomuchchronicstresscanreallymessyouup
soifstressisbasicallyunavoidable
thesedays
whatcanwedo
thetextofoftalksaboutcopingmechanismsrightisthatthekeyofmanagingitcopingyoussismsarelikethetoolsweusedtohandlestressfulstuff
andkeepouremotionsincheck
thereareonsofdifferentways
waystopepesomebetterthanothers
thetexbooktalksabouttwomaintypes
problemfocusedcopingandemotionfocusedcopingandlistening
whatsthediffeproblem
problemcucusesallabouttakingaction
youknowattackingthestressheadonserioustrustaboutadeadline
itworkproblemfocuswouldbemakingaschedulebreakingtheprojectinthesmallerbitsaskingforhelp
soitsabouttakingcontrolfindingsolutions
whataboutamotionfocused
amotionfocusedismoreabouthandlingyourfeelings
aboutthestress
notnecessarilychangingthesituation
itselfliketalkingtoafriend
doingsomedeepbreathingormeditation
evenjusttakingabreaktodosomethingfun
sosometimesitsmoreaboutmanaging
howwereactratherthantryingtofixtheproblem
doesthetextbooksaywhichonesbetter
itreallydependsonwhatsgoingon
ifyoucanactuallychangethestressfulthingthanyeahproblemfocusisusuallygood
butifitssomethingyoucantcontrollikeahealthissueoralossthanamotionfocuscanbebetterforyouknowthankareyourselfmentallymakesense
itsaboutusingtherighttoolforthejob
thetextbookalsomentionedsocialsupportasabigfactorandcoping
oh yeah
forsure
weresocialanimalsrightthoseconnectionswithothersaresuperimportantforgettingthroughtoughtimeswhenwefeelsupported
loved
werewaymoreresilientbetterathandlingwhateverlifethrowsatusive
eveneven
ardardhavingapetcanhelpwithstress
likeitcountsasocialsupportthatunconditionallove
itsreallycomfortingitstruesocialsupportwhetherfrompeopleorfurrayfriendsprotectsus
fromthebadstuffstressedus
itgivesusthatsenseofbelongingsecurity
allatsuperpowerfulstuffmakesmethinkabouttheresearchonloneliness
beingisolated
canreallymesswithyourmentalandphysicalhealth
likewerehardwiretoconnectwithothersabsolutelylonelinesshasbeenlinkingtoallsortsofproblems
ourdiseaseimpression
younameit
itshowshowimportant
itistonurturethoserelationships
buildthosestrongconnections
itsnotjustaboutfeelinggood
itsabouttakingcareofourselves
literallyspeakingofthiswholestressandcopingthing
itgetsmethinkingaboutmotivationwhatmakesusgoforourgoalspushthroughtoughstuff
evenjustgetoutabedinthemorning
motivationthatsabigone
thetextookgothroughdifferenttheoriesaboutinmakesustick
itstartsforthoseclassiconesinstincttheoryanddrivetheory
thoseworreliketheearlyattemptstofigureout
motivation
yeah
iknowthosebasics
instincttheorysaysourbehaviorsarelikepreprogramresponsestocertainthings
anddrivetheoriessayswemomovatedatedinternaldriveslikehungerorfirsttokeepthingsbalancedandmeetourneedsexactlygoodfoundation
yeah
butapsychologyevolvedtherewerenewideas
thetextbookalsomentionsesfradspsydynamictheory
youknowunconsciousdrivesinconflictsallthat
sofraidthatevenourdeepestdesiresandreasonsfordoingthingsareoftenhiddenfromuslikeaniceberg
mostofitsunderthesurfacegoodanalogy
我 我 我知道
frrisbeeninfluential
butalsochallengedovertime
amoremodernideathattextooktaltalaboutismaaszalshierarchyofneeds
differentwayoflookingatwhatmotivatedamazilalshierarchythatpiramidthingrightbascanmoveatthebottom
selfactualizationatthetop
bingo
mazilletheorysays
weremotivatedtofulfillourneedsinthat
thatorderbeartingwiththeessentialstufflikefoodinshelterwasthosearemet
wecanmoveupthepyramidtothingslikebelongingasteamandfinally
selfactualizationthatsaboutreachingourfullpotential
becomingourcells
itsacoolideamakesensethatweneedtofeelsafeandsecure
beforewecanfocusoncreativity
personalgrowthallthat
butiwonderthathierarchyisuniversal
dopeopleindifferentculturalseethoseneedsthesamewaygreatquestionmaslssbeeninfluential
butothisthatculturalbiascritique
somefolkssaythespecificneedsintheordertheymattersomefolbedifferentindifferentculturesmakesense
whatsahigherneedinoneplace
mightbewaymorefundamentalinanotherculturecanevenshapehowweseebasichumanmotivation
thatswildanyothertheories
thetextbookcovers
oh yeah
intrinsicandextrinsicmotivationsuperimportantforunderstandingwhatdrivesus
intrinsicmotivationisdoingsomethingjustbecauseyouloveit
itfeelsgoodlikehobbiescreativestuff
learningsomethingnew
justbecauseyourecurious
ilovethatthepurejoyofdoingsomethingforitsownsakenopressureandnoreward
neededandextrinsicmotivationismoreaboutthoseexternalfactors
rightlikeworkingforpromotionsstudyingtogetagoodgreat
evendoingchoresyoudontgetintrouble
yougotten
extrtrinsicisallaboutrewardsincentivesoravoidingsomethingbad
thetextbooksaysbothintrinticandextrinsicplayaroleinourlives
andfindingthatbalanceiskeyforreachinggoalsandfeelingfulfilleditslikethatsayingafine
ajoboflove
andyoullneverworkadayinyourlife
ifyouhappenedthatintrinsicmotivationworkisinachoreitssomethingyouenjoy
嗯
butletsbereal
wedontknowitsgoodtochooseright
sometimesitsgettodostuff
wedontlove
andthatswhereexexperienceitcomesinforsureandknowinghowthesedifferentmotivationsworkcanhelpussetgoalsmanagetimeevenjustgetthroughthoselessthanthrowlingtasksthiswholemotivationtalkitbringsupemotions
howdothosetimeintoourmotivation
andhowcanweunderstandandmanagethoseintensefeelings
hopefully
thetexbookooktalksaboutthattooyoudoesit
makesitclear
thatemotionsarelikecentraltomanhuman
ittellaboutourenvironmentmenthelpusmakechoices
theyshahowourinteract
hewithpeoplehaveimpourphysicalhealth
thhavealwaysfoundemotions
kindofmysterioustheycanbesostrong
andsometimestheyjusttalkupout
andnowheredoesthetext
butgiveusanycluesabouthowemotionswork
itlooksatboththephysicalandmentalsizeofemotions
physicallyournervoussystem
especiallytheautonomicpartitskey
whensomethingstressfuloremotionalhappensoursympatheticnervoussystem
triggersthatfighter
flightresponse
sothatswhywegetthatajunnalrurush
whenwereexcitedorscaredourbodigegettingreadyeieitherfitorrunaway
exactly
andthenoncethethreatsgone
ourpairoussympatheticnervoussystemkicksin
comesusdown
bringsusbacktonormal
butitsnotjustphysical
thetextbookalsotalksaboutthementalside
howourthoughtsandinterpretationsaffecthowwefeel
butitsnotjusttheevent
itselfitshowwethinkaboutitthatturgerstheemotionmakesense
whytwopeoplecanexperiencesamethingandfeeltotallydifferent
exactly
ourthoughtscanmakeourmotionsstrongerorweakerlikeimagineyoureateateformeetinghittraffic
youmightfeelsuperanxiousstressed
butifyouchangeyourthinkinglikeokaycantcontrolthetraffic
illjustrelaxandmentallyprepare
youmightfeelcalmermoreincharge
thatsagreatexampleofhowourthoughts
influenceorfeelingsremindsmeofemotionalintelligence
knowinghowtounderstandandmanagerownemotions
嗯嗯
andbeingawareofhowothersarefeeling
oh yeah
thetextbookgetsintothattooemotionalintelligencehasafewpartsselfawareness
selfregulation
empathy
socialskillsresearchshowsitsabigdealforourwellbeinginsuccessinlife
soitsnotjustaboutbeingbooksmartitsaboutbeing
emotionallysmart
knowingourfeelings
managingthemwellunderstandingothershandlingsocialsituations
smoothly
exactly
andthebestpart
theseskillscanbelearnedandimprovedovertimenotlikeIQ
whichisprettymuchsetwecanactuallyworkonouremotionalintelligencewithpractice
reflection
beingopentolearningandgrowing
thatsawesome
itmeanswehavemorepoweroverourmotions
thanwethinkwow
thisdeepdivehasbeenincredible
wevegonefrommemoryandperceptiontolearningandintelligence
evenpersonality
motivationemotions
ifeellikeihavewholenewviewofwhatitmeanstobeemanman
itsbeenafascinatingourneyYIthinkthinkreallyhighlighesakeypointfromthetextbook
thehumanmindissupercomplex
butalsoadaptableourgenesexperiences
culture
theyallinfluences
butwealsohavethepowertolearn
growchooseourownpath
thatsagreattakeaway
anditleadsustothatfinalthoughtfromthetextbook
ifourmemoriesandperceptionscanchange
soeasily
howcanwebecomemoreawaremoreaccurate
andhowweseetheworldandourselves
itssomethingtothinkaboutaswekeeplearningandgrowing
yeah
itsachallenggetobecurousousopenminded
alwaystrytounderstandourselvesandtheworld
betterthanksforjoiningusonthisdeepdive
hope
becausegotsomegoodinsightsonarereadytokeepexploringtheamazingroleofpsychologyuntilnexttime
